C PROGRAMMING

Arithmetic Relational And Logical Operators

---

Arithmetic Operators

An arithmetic operator performs mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction and multiplication on numerical values (constants and variables).

Write a C program demonstrating the use of all arithmetic operators:

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    // Declare and initialize variables
    int a = 10, b = 5;

    // Addition
    int sum = a + b;
    printf("Addition: %d + %d = %d\n", a, b, sum);

    // Subtraction
    int difference = a - b;
    printf("Subtraction: %d - %d = %d\n", a, b, difference);

    // Multiplication
    int product = a * b;
    printf("Multiplication: %d * %d = %d\n", a, b, product);

    // Division
    int quotient = a / b;
    printf("Division (integer): %d / %d = %d\n", a, b, quotient);

    // Modulus (remainder of division operation)
    int remainder = a % b;
    printf("Modulus (remainder): %d %% %d = %d\n", a, b, remainder);
    return 0;
}

Relational Operators

A relational operator checks and establishes the relationship between two operands. If the relation is true, it returns 1; if the relation is false, it returns value 0. Relational operators are used in decision making and loops. The result of relational expression is always either 1(TRUE) or 0(FALSE).

 

Write a C program demonstrating the use of relational operators.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    // Declare and initialize variables
    int a = 5, b = 10;

    // Equal to (==)
    printf("%d == %d is %d\n", a, b, a == b);

    // Not equal to (!=)
    printf("%d != %d is %d\n", a, b, a != b);

    // Greater than (>)
    printf("%d > %d is %d\n", a, b, a > b);

    // Less than (<)
    printf("%d < %d is %d\n", a, b, a < b);

    // Greater than or equal to (>=)
    printf("%d >= %d is %d\n", a, b, a >= b);

    // Less than or equal to (<=)
    printf("%d <= %d is %d\n", a, b, a <= b);

    return 0;
}

Logical Operators

Logical operators in C are used to perform logical operations on Boolean values (true or false). These operators allow you to combine and manipulate Boolean expressions. 

There are three main logical operators in C:

1. Logical AND (&&):

Returns true (1) if both operands are true; otherwise, it returns false (0).

int result = (5 > 3) && (10 < 15);  // Result is true (1)

2. Logical OR (||):

Returns true (1) if at least one operand is true; returns false (0) only if both operands are false.

int result = (5 > 3) || (10 > 15);  // Result is true (1)

3. Logical NOT (!):

Returns true (1) if the operand is false; returns false (0) if the operand is true.

int result = !(5 > 3);  // Result is false (0)